Datafication, Phantasmagoria of the 21st Century

Category: Phantasmagoria

Datafied. A Critical Exploration of Knowledge Production in The Digital Age (PhD)

This is a short abstract of my PhD research. I will post more details in the coming days and weeks.

I first look at the epistemological processes behind datafied knowledge and contrast them with the processes of tacit knowledge production. I extract 5 principles of tacit knowledge and contrast them to 5 principles of datafied knowledge, and I contend that datafied knowledge is founded on a reductionist ideology, a reductionist logic of knowledge production, reductionist data and therefore, produces a reductionist type of knowledge. Instead of helping us to understand the world we inhabit in more systemic, holistic and qualitative ways, it relies essentially on quantitative, disembodied, computationally structured computer-ready data, and algorithmically optimised processes.

Through the filter of Walter Benjamin’s work “The Arcades Project”, I argue that datafication (defined as the quantification of the qualitative aspects human experience) is a Phantasmagoria, a dream image, a myth, a social experience anchored in a culture of commodification. The digital production of knowledge is supported by a need to reduce uncertainty and increase productivity and efficiency. It essentially serves a predictive purpose. It does not help us to understand the intricate, beautiful, fragile, qualitative, embodied experience of being alive in a deeply interconnected and interdependent world, an experience that to a great extent, defines humaneness and life in general. In this sense, datafied knowledge is hostile to life.

Finally, I call for a rebalance between tacit and datafied ways of knowing, and a shift to a more regenerative ecology of knowledge based on the principles of living systems.

Helene Liu – PhD Thesis Visual Map

Datafied. A Critical Exploration of the Production of Knowledge in the Age of Datafication

This is the abstract of my PhD submitted in August 2022

As qualitative aspects of life become increasingly subjected to the extractive processes of datafication, this theoretical research offers an in-depth analysis on how these technologies skew the relationship between tacit and datafied ways of knowing. Given the role tacit knowledge plays in the design process, this research seeks to illuminate how technologies of datafication are impacting designerly ways of knowing and what design can do to recalibrate this imbalance. In particular, this thesis is predicated on 4 interrelated objectives: (1) To understand how the shift toward the technologies of datafication has created an overreliance on datafied (i.e., explicit) knowledge (2) To comprehend how tacit knowledge (i.e. designerly ways of knowing) is impacted by this increased reliance, (3) To critically explore technologies of datafication through the lens of Walter Benjamin’s work on the phantasmagoria of modernity and (4) To discover what design can do to safeguard, protect and revive the production of tacit knowledge in a world increasingly dominated by datafication.

To bring greater awareness into what counts as valid knowledge today, this research begins by first identifying the principles that define tacit knowledge and datafied ways of knowing. By differentiating these two processes of knowledge creation, this thesis offers a foundation for understanding how datafication not only augments how we know things, but also actively directs and dominates what we know. This research goes on to also examine how this unchecked faith in datafication has led to a kind of 21st century phantasmagoria, reinforcing the wholesale belief that technology can be used to solve some of the most perplexing problems we face today. As a result, more tacit processes of knowledge creation are increasingly being overlooked and side-lined. To conclude this discussion, insights into how the discipline of design is uniquely situated to create a more regenerative relationship with technology, one that supports and honours the unique contributions of designerly ways of knowing, are offered.

Fundamental principles framing Grounded Theory are used as a methodological guide for structing this theoretical research. Given the unprecedented and rapid rate technology is being integrated into modern life, this methodological framework provided the flexibility needed to accommodate the evolving contours of this study while also providing the necessary systematic rigour to sustain the integrity of this PhD.

Keywords: datafication, tacit knowledge, phantasmagoria, regeneration, ecology of knowledge

Datafication as Phantasmagoria

My main argument is that that datafication is the phantasmagoria of the 21st century, the same way mass consumerism was the phantasmagoria or the dream of the 20th century. My inspiration is the work of Walter Benjamin, The Arcades Project.

I am defining datafication as the quantification of qualitative aspects of life, i.e. human experience generally.

I am arguing that this phantasmagoria is creating a massive epistemological shift towards a more impoverished type of knowledge because in this massive enterprise of quantification, what cannot be turned into computer data or in other words what cannot be quantified is just abandoned. And now that algorithms are making decisions in most areas of life such as education finance justice and so on this quantification has a direct impact on the system as we live in.

More on this later…